The roughly 560 kilometre-long English Channel between the Atlantic and the North Sea is of particular military and symbolic importance for both Great Britain and France. While in France it is simply called La Manche (meaning "the sleeve"), the term English Channel expresses a claim to ownership. Tunnelling this canal was an ambitious undertaking – not only technically, but also politically, as many politicians in both countries were concerned about opening the door to a military invasion. More than 130 plans for the construction of a tunnel had been drawn up since 1802 before the 34-kilometre-long Channel Tunnel was finally opened on 6 May 1994. With the support of the Gerda Henkel Foundation, historian Dr Alison Carrol is writing the history of this bold idea.
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